Microvascular Myeloperoxidase (MPO) Localization:

MPO is evident in a spinotrapezius muscle venule 24 hr after pulmonary exposure to 0.25 mg ROFA. Fluorescent antibodies targeted a polyclonal antibody against MPO (green). Leukocyte nuclei are counterstained blue. Note that some of the leukocytes are migrating out of the venule. Erythrocytes display red autofluorescence. T.R. Nurkiewicz

Systemic Venular Leukocte Adhesion & Rolling Video:

Two rat spinotrapezius muscle venules display intense leukocyte adhesion and rolling after pulmonary exposure to 0.1 mg of titanium dioxide. NOTE-this file is a 5 megabyte WMV, and is best viewed with the Windows Media Player. T.R. Nurkiewicz

Polymorphonuclear leukocyte (PMNL) adhesion:

PMNLs in a spinotrapezius muscle venule after pulmonary particulate matter exposure. T.R. Nurkiewicz

Intraluminal Infusion Video:

A first order rat spinotrapezius muscle arteriole is infused with the calcium ionophore A23187. NOTE-this file is a 13 megabyte WMV, and is best viewed with the Windows Media Player. T.R. Nurkiewicz & M.A. Boegehold

Leukocyte Adhesion:

TNF-a induced leukocyte adhesion in a rat mesenteric venule. P. He

Venular Hydraulic Conductivity Video:

In vivo measurement of hydraulic conductivity in an intact mesenteric venule. P. He

Endothelial Clefts and Nuclei:

Confocal images of an intact frog mesenteric venule demonstrating the positioning of endothelial cell clefts and endothelial nuclei. The left image is a projection of the half cylinder of the vessel which was at the upper surface of the mesentery during observation. On the right is a projection of the opposite half of the same vessel segment. The center column of images represent reconstructed cross-sections at various positions along this vessel. The position of the cross-sections on the page correspond to the location of the section in the vessel projections. P.He

Venular Anatomy Video:

Rotating confocal images of mesenteric venule illustrating the endothelial clefts and nuclei with silver nitrite and fluorescent nuclei dye. P. He

Rat Spinotrapezius Muscle Microcirculation:

A low-power view of the microvascular network. M.A. Boegehold

Isolated Arteriole:

A second order rat intestinal arteriole is displayed prior to flushing the blood. T.R. Nurkiewicz & M.A. Boegehold

Calcium imaging in an intact microvessel:

Platelet activating factor-induced changes in endothelial [Ca2+]i in a Fura-2 am loaded intact mesenteric venular microvessel. P.He