Patient History

A 27-year-old Caucasian female presented to the reproductive endocrinology office after referral by her gynecologist for two previous spontaneous abortions in the late first trimester. The patient had no prior reproductive testing except examination for an incompetent cervix. No cervical abnormalities were identified.

The patient’s past medical history was negative for excessive bleeding or thrombotic events. There was no history of smoking, alcohol abuse, or use of recreational drugs.

Her family history revealed both parents to be alive without major medical problems. The patient’s paternal grandmother suffered a pulmonary embolism but the remaining history was noncontributory. Physical examination revealed a normal female in no apparent distress with no significant physical findings.